1
00:00:05,550 --> 00:00:06,430
Hello.

2
00:00:06,970 --> 00:00:08,530
Week number three.

3
00:00:09,110 --> 00:00:12,670
So for this session,
I'm going to do two things.

4
00:00:13,110 --> 00:00:16,510
This session is going to be divided
into two parts.

5
00:00:16,950 --> 00:00:23,450
The first part will be on what
it requires to be a good journalist,

6
00:00:23,770 --> 00:00:27,790
and the second part will be on
some few grammatical rules.

7
00:00:28,270 --> 00:00:31,870
I'm going to start with what it
requires to be a journalist.

8
00:00:32,070 --> 00:00:40,110
Last week, we saw the evolution
of the profession across time.

9
00:00:40,770 --> 00:00:44,570
Today, I'm going to speak about
what it requires to be a good

10
00:00:44,770 --> 00:00:45,530
journalist.

11
00:00:45,730 --> 00:00:49,250
To be a good journalist,
first we have to understand that

12
00:00:49,450 --> 00:00:52,170
the journalists have different tasks.

13
00:00:53,350 --> 00:00:54,830
There are different types of
journalists.

14
00:00:55,990 --> 00:01:01,190
Some are going to be doing just,
working on documentaries.

15
00:01:01,390 --> 00:01:04,130
Some are going to be presenters.

16
00:01:04,810 --> 00:01:11,990
Some are going to be writing articles
and so on, which means that there

17
00:01:12,190 --> 00:01:13,350
are different tasks.

18
00:01:13,590 --> 00:01:15,510
There are different types of
journalists.

19
00:01:18,750 --> 00:01:26,570
For those writing or those interviewing
people, what you have to do,

20
00:01:27,150 --> 00:01:31,750
no matter the type of journalist
you are, no matter your tasks,

21
00:01:32,050 --> 00:01:34,130
you have to be nosy.

22
00:01:34,550 --> 00:01:38,630
You have to search, you have to listen,
you have to observe,

23
00:01:39,030 --> 00:01:42,710
you have to look at what other
countries are doing,

24
00:01:43,070 --> 00:01:49,090
what is the information,
what is the media about in other

25
00:01:49,290 --> 00:01:50,050
countries.

26
00:01:50,250 --> 00:01:55,210
So this is where you find new stories
to speak about.

27
00:01:55,890 --> 00:01:58,930
So that involves lots of research.

28
00:01:59,950 --> 00:02:02,890
You will have to do research to
make sure that you know exactly

29
00:02:03,090 --> 00:02:07,150
what you are talking about,
because sometimes some of the subjects

30
00:02:07,350 --> 00:02:13,290
you are going to deal with are
not your cup of tea.

31
00:02:15,150 --> 00:02:16,570
So it involves research.

32
00:02:16,770 --> 00:02:24,470
It also involves fact checking,
just to make sure that your sources

33
00:02:24,670 --> 00:02:26,510
are correct.

34
00:02:27,430 --> 00:02:33,910
Research is also what makes the

35
00:02:34,110 --> 00:02:38,330
job of journalists very similar
to the academic world,

36
00:02:38,690 --> 00:02:41,610
because it involves also research.

37
00:02:41,810 --> 00:02:46,490
But it also involves something
else that you see in the academic

38
00:02:46,690 --> 00:02:47,450
world.

39
00:02:47,650 --> 00:02:51,390
It is seeing things from a different
angle.

40
00:02:51,910 --> 00:02:59,750
This is what we very often observe
in the field of academic research.

41
00:03:00,450 --> 00:03:04,250
Bringing or saying something from
a totally different angle,

42
00:03:05,470 --> 00:03:10,210
so that it is new to the maximum
of people.

43
00:03:11,610 --> 00:03:16,630
The task of journalists also involves
inviting guests.

44
00:03:16,990 --> 00:03:25,330
And for that, the best tool is
using social media, platforms such

45
00:03:25,530 --> 00:03:33,070
as Twitter, Facebook,
and so on, just by reading the

46
00:03:33,270 --> 00:03:36,210
comments left by different people.

47
00:03:36,410 --> 00:03:43,670
You can pick up, you can detect
those who are relevant enough to

48
00:03:43,870 --> 00:03:48,830
come and be invited to speak their

49
00:03:49,030 --> 00:03:49,790
minds.

50
00:03:50,610 --> 00:03:55,950
So this is the path about what
it requires to be a journalist.

51
00:03:57,710 --> 00:04:02,270
My second point in this lesson
is about the different tenses.

52
00:04:03,770 --> 00:04:06,730
I sent you an exercise to do.

53
00:04:06,930 --> 00:04:12,890
You have to choose between two
past tenses, the simple past and

54
00:04:13,090 --> 00:04:14,010
the present perfect.

55
00:04:15,170 --> 00:04:20,910
What you learned in class de quatrième,
very often, is that the difference

56
00:04:21,110 --> 00:04:29,190
between these two past tenses is
that the preterit refers to something

57
00:04:29,390 --> 00:04:34,530
that is finished, and that the
present perfect refers to something

58
00:04:34,730 --> 00:04:39,330
that is not finished and continuing
in the present.

59
00:04:40,890 --> 00:04:44,890
This definition or this understanding
of the difference between the two

60
00:04:45,090 --> 00:04:47,670
is right, but I think that it is
not complete.

61
00:04:48,090 --> 00:04:52,390
So I'm going to add one more thing
for your understanding.

62
00:04:52,650 --> 00:04:54,290
I'm going to add this one.

63
00:04:55,470 --> 00:05:01,110
When you know where or when the

64
00:05:01,310 --> 00:05:06,410
action took place, you will have
to use the simple past or the preterit,

65
00:05:06,610 --> 00:05:09,530
depending on how you call it.

66
00:05:09,930 --> 00:05:15,430
If you've got no information about
when the action took place,

67
00:05:16,030 --> 00:05:22,070
about where it took place,
you will have to use the present

68
00:05:22,270 --> 00:05:23,030
perfect.

69
00:05:23,450 --> 00:05:28,750
So this is why I'm going to say,
I've lost my glasses,

70
00:05:30,230 --> 00:05:32,810
but I lost my glasses on the train.

71
00:05:33,710 --> 00:05:39,350
On the train is where I lost my

glasses, therefore I will be using

72
00:05:39,550 --> 00:05:40,470
the simple past.

73
00:05:41,110 --> 00:05:44,950
Now that you've understood the
difference between the two,

74
00:05:45,690 --> 00:05:47,390
please do the exercises.

75
00:05:47,950 --> 00:05:48,710
Thank you.

76
00:05:48,910 --> 00:05:49,670
See you next time.